Background of the Study
Substance abuse among youth is an escalating public health concern in Kaduna State. With rapid urbanization and evolving socio-cultural dynamics, the youth population has become increasingly vulnerable to substance use, including alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. These trends are driven by various factors such as peer pressure, socio-economic challenges, and limited opportunities for engagement in constructive activities (Suleiman, 2023). The proliferation of substance abuse not only contributes to immediate health risks—such as accidents, mental health issues, and infectious diseases—but also has long-term consequences on educational attainment, employment prospects, and social stability.
The rise in substance abuse among youth is often linked to inadequate parental supervision, exposure to stressors, and the influence of media and social networks. Moreover, limited access to rehabilitation and counseling services exacerbates the problem, leaving many young individuals without the necessary support to overcome addiction (Ibrahim, 2024). In Kaduna State, the interplay between socio-economic disparities and substance abuse further complicates the landscape, as marginalized communities often experience higher rates of addiction.
Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive understanding of the trends, patterns, and underlying causes of substance abuse among youth. This study aims to evaluate current substance abuse trends in Kaduna State by analyzing data from schools, community surveys, and health facilities. The research will also explore the socio-cultural and economic determinants of substance abuse, providing insights into the factors that contribute to the onset and persistence of addictive behaviors. By identifying these determinants, the study seeks to inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies that can reduce substance abuse among youth (Bello, 2023).
Statement of the Problem
Substance abuse among youth in Kaduna State has reached concerning levels, posing a significant threat to individual health and community well-being. Despite existing prevention programs, the incidence of substance use continues to rise, driven by socio-economic hardships, peer influences, and a lack of structured recreational activities. The accessibility of substances, combined with weak enforcement of regulatory policies, further exacerbates the problem (Suleiman, 2023). As a result, many young individuals are engaging in risky behaviors that lead to poor academic performance, increased criminal activity, and long-term health complications.
The healthcare system in Kaduna State is ill-equipped to address the complex needs of substance-abusing youth, with limited resources allocated for addiction treatment and counseling services. Additionally, the stigma associated with substance abuse prevents many affected individuals from seeking help, perpetuating the cycle of addiction. The absence of comprehensive data on substance abuse trends and the underlying factors driving these behaviors hampers the development of effective intervention strategies (Ibrahim, 2024).
This study aims to fill this gap by systematically evaluating substance abuse trends among youth in Kaduna State. By combining quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from interviews with at-risk youth and key stakeholders, the research will identify critical determinants of substance abuse. The findings will be instrumental in guiding policymakers and community organizations in designing targeted interventions to curb the rise of substance abuse and improve the overall health outcomes of the youth population.
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on youth aged 15–24 in urban and peri-urban areas of Kaduna State. Data will be collected through school-based surveys, community interviews, and healthcare records. Limitations include potential underreporting due to stigma and sampling bias.
Definitions of Terms
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